In the event of an obstacle in the optical cable line, every second must be used to temporarily adjust the circuit or deploy an emergency optical cable to temporarily rush to open the circuit, and forces should be organized as soon as possible to repair it. 1. Emergency repair 1) All optical cable lines in a certain direction are blocked Immediately and temporarily adjust all circuits or some main circuits according to the predetermined circuit scheduling plan. 2) Blocking of individual optical fibers in the optical cable line in a certain direction If there is a spare fiber in the optical fiber, or there is another detour circuit, immediately use the spare fiber or detour circuit to temporarily adjust the obstacle circuit; if there is a spare fiber in the optical cable, and there is no detour circuit, it will be handled according to the prescribed scheduling principles to ensure the smooth flow of important circuits. Suspend secondary circuits. 3) Part of the optical fiber in a certain direction is blocked
If there is a spare optical fiber in the optical cable, in addition to temporarily adjusting the circuit with the spare optical fiber, you can select an unblocked optical fiber for temporary pairing, and temporarily adjust the circuit according to the prescribed scheduling principles and scheduling order. If the temporarily paired optical fiber is still not enough, If there is no detour, the secondary circuit is suspended.
Precautions: 1. The temporary scheduling of the above optical fibers must be completed with the close cooperation of both parties after the dispatching plan is jointly discussed and reported to the superior competent department for approval. 2. For the optical fibers paired according to the original line sequence, as long as the maintenance stations at both ends are dispatched according to the system, the circuit can be switched; if the optical fibers are temporarily paired, they should be connected to the optical distribution rack (or terminal box) in the relay station on both sides of the obstacle point tuned on the device. 3. If the main optical fiber is connected with an optical attenuator, but the spare optical fiber is not pre-connected with an attenuator, the corresponding optical attenuator should also be connected when calling the spare optical fiber. This problem should also be paid attention to when optical fibers are temporarily paired. 2. Laying emergency optical cables 1) Conditions for laying emergency optical cables When all the optical cable lines in a certain direction are blocked, after all circuits or main circuits are connected, it can be considered to repair the optical cable at one time, and it is not necessary to use emergency rush to open the circuit. When there is no condition to temporarily adjust the circuit, or when the temporary adjustment of some circuits cannot meet the needs of large-capacity communication, emergency optical cables should be laid out, and the circuits should be rushed through according to the dispatching principles and dispatching sequences stipulated in the "circuit dispatching system". Restore communication, and then reroute and lay new optical cables for formal repair. 2) Determination of the deployment range of emergency optical cables When the optical cable is blocked by natural disasters or external forces, after measuring the approximate location of the obstacle, it is easier to find the obstacle according to the abnormality of the road surface, and then the deployment range of the emergency optical cable can be determined. However, when the OTDR only measures the obstacle point at the terminal station or the relay station, which two joints it occurs between, and cannot determine the specific location of the obstacle, it is difficult to determine the deployment range of the emergency optical cable. At this time, if there are conditions, you can use OTDR to test at the relay station at the opposite end, and conduct a comprehensive analysis of the test results on both sides. Generally, you can accurately determine the breakpoint of the optical cable. If there is no condition to use OTDR to test from two directions, you can send two Cases are handled: a) The obstacle point is relatively close to a certain joint. The emergency optical cable is to be laid from this joint. Open this joint and use OTDR to test in the direction of the obstacle at the joint. At this time, the test distance is short and the obstacle can be measured more accurately. The specific location can determine where the emergency optical cable is laid. b) The obstacle point is in the center of the two joints. It is not suitable to start laying the emergency optical cable from a certain joint. It is necessary to further determine the position of the obstacle point and lay a section of emergency optical cable on both sides of the obstacle point. In this case, you can use the step-by-step extended trial method to find the specific location of the obstacle, that is, use OTDR to initially measure the obstacle point at the end station or relay station, dig out the optical cable in front of the obstacle point, and cut off a certain fiber for retesting, such as If you find that the obstacle point is not within the cutting range, you should judge the approximate distance, then dig out the optical cable ahead, cut off another optical fiber and retest until the obstacle point is within the cut-off point, then you can determine the emergency. The deployment range of optical cables. Generally, the specific position of the obstacle point can be determined by retesting twice. c) Emergency repair of the same type of optical cable acceleration connector Another emergency repair method for optical cables is to use the same type of optical cable as the emergency repair optical cable, and use a connector (joint) and matching liquid for temporary connection to rush through the circuit. 3) Formal repair
When formally repairing the obstacles of optical cable lines, communication must be maintained as much as possible, especially the communication of important circuits must not be interrupted, and the construction quality must meet the requirements of optical cable line construction quality standards and maintenance quality standards.
When formally repairing the total obstruction of the optical cable line, the following issues should be paid attention to: 1. The obstacles near the joint box or the joint should be repaired by using the reserved optical fiber in the joint box or the reserved optical cable in the joint pit, without adding additional joints. When there is a reserved optical cable near the obstacle point, the reserved optical cable should be used for connection, and only one connector should be added. 2. When it is necessary to formally repair an optical cable obstacle by intervening or replacing an optical cable, an optical cable of the same manufacturer and model should be used. 3. The length of intervening or replacing optical cables can be considered by the following three factors: (1) Considering the official repair of optical fiber cable connection, OTDR monitoring must be used by the end station or relay station, or it is convenient to distinguish the obstacles adjacent to the two connection points in daily maintenance work; the minimum length of intervention or replacement of the optical cable must meet the response of the OTDR instrument The resolution (two-point resolution) requirement should generally be greater than 100 meters. (2) Considering that it does not affect the operation of single-mode optical fiber under single-mode steady-state conditions to ensure communication quality, the minimum length of the intervention or replacement optical cable should be greater than 22 meters. (3) To intervene or replace the length of the optical cable, you can refer to the principle requirements of (1) and (2), take into account the actual situation, and master it flexibly. For example, if there is a joint near the place where the optical cable is inserted or replaced, the optical cable should be extended to the joint as far as possible, and only one joint should be added. 4. Intervention or replacement of optical cables, the general sequence of optical fiber cutover: (1) First of all, both parties should agree on the optical fiber cutover plan in accordance with the dispatching principles and dispatching sequence stipulated in the "circuit dispatching system", and submit it to the superior competent department for approval. (2) The optical fiber cutover process should try not to interrupt the circuit (especially important circuits should not be interrupted). To cut over the original and newly deployed optical fiber from the emergency optical cable, the spare optical cable should be connected first, and the spare optical fiber should be used as a replacement line pair. If there is no spare optical cable in the original optical cable, the secondary circuit should be suspended, and the optical fiber of the system should be cut over first as a replacement line pair, and then cut one by one according to the original cutover sequence to restore the circuit .
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